How many types of copper alloys are there?

Copper alloy is an alloy formed by adding one or several other elements to pure copper as the matrix. Pure copper is purple-red, also known as copper. Commonly used copper alloys are divided into three categories: brass, bronze and cupronickel.

Copper-Nickel
A copper alloy with nickel as the main additive element. The copper-nickel binary alloy is called ordinary cupronickel; the cupronickel alloy with manganese, iron, zinc, aluminum and other elements is called complex cupronickel. Industrial cupronickel is divided into two categories: structural cupronickel and electrical cupronickel. The characteristics of structural cupronickel are good mechanical properties and corrosion resistance, and beautiful color. This kind of cupronickel is widely used in the manufacture of precision machinery, glasses accessories, chemical machinery and ship components. Electrical cupronickel generally has good thermoelectric properties. Manganin, constantan, and test copper are manganese white copper with different manganese content, and are used for manufacturing precision electrical instruments, varistors, precision resistors, strain gauges, thermocouples, etc.

Brass
Brass is an alloy composed of copper and zinc. If it is only composed of copper and zinc, it is called ordinary brass. Brass is often used to make valves, water pipes, connecting pipes for internal and external air conditioners, and radiators.
If it is a variety of alloys composed of two or more elements, it is called special brass. Such as copper alloys composed of lead, tin, manganese, nickel, iron, and silicon. Special brass is also called special brass, which has high strength, high hardness and strong chemical corrosion resistance. There are also outstanding mechanical properties of cutting. Brass has strong wear resistance. The seamless copper tube drawn from brass is soft and wear-resistant. Brass seamless tubing can be used for heat exchangers and condensers, cryogenic piping, subsea transportation pipes. Manufacture of sheets, strips, bars, tubes, cast parts, etc. The copper content is 62% to 68%, the plasticity is strong, and it is used to manufacture pressure-resistant equipment.
According to the different types of alloying elements contained in brass, brass is divided into ordinary brass and special brass. Brass for press working is called deformed brass. Brass is a copper alloy with zinc as the main additive element, which has a beautiful yellow color and is collectively referred to as brass. The copper-zinc binary alloy is called ordinary brass or simple brass. Brass with more than three yuan is called special brass or complex brass. Brass alloys containing less than 36% zinc are composed of solid solutions and have good cold working properties. For example, brass containing 30% zinc is often used to make bullet casings, commonly known as bullets.
Shell brass or seventy-three brass. Brass alloys with zinc content between 36 and 42% are composed of and solid solution, of which the most commonly used is the six-four brass with zinc content of 40%. In order to improve the properties of ordinary brass, other elements are often added, such as aluminum, nickel, manganese, tin, silicon, lead, etc. Aluminum can improve the strength, hardness and corrosion resistance of brass, but reduce the plasticity, so it is suitable for marine condenser pipes and other corrosion-resistant parts. Tin can improve the strength of brass and its corrosion resistance to seawater, so it is called naval brass and is used for ship thermal equipment and propellers. Lead can improve the machinability of brass; this free-cutting brass is often used for watch parts. Brass castings are often used to make valves and pipe fittings, etc.

Bronze
Bronze is the earliest alloy used in my country, with a history of more than 3,000 years.
Bronze originally refers to copper-tin alloys, and later copper alloys other than brass and cupronickel are called bronzes, and the name of the first main added element is often prefixed to the name of bronze. Tin bronze has good casting performance, anti-friction performance and good mechanical performance, and is suitable for manufacturing bearings, worm gears, gears, etc. Lead bronze is a widely used bearing material for modern engines and grinders. Aluminum bronze has high strength, good wear resistance and corrosion resistance, and is used for casting high-load gears, bushings, marine propellers, etc. Phosphor bronze has high elastic limit and good electrical conductivity, and is suitable for the manufacture of precision springs and electrical contact components. Beryllium bronze is also used to manufacture non-sparking tools used in coal mines and oil depots. Beryllium copper is a supersaturated solid solution copper-based alloy with good mechanical properties, physical properties, chemical properties and corrosion resistance; powder metallurgy production is suitable for tungsten steel, high carbon steel, and high temperature resistant super hard alloy. When the molds need electric corrosion , Due to the large loss and slow speed of ordinary electrodes, tungsten copper is an ideal material. Bending strength ≥ 667Mpa.

Pure copper
High-quality red copper has high purity, fine structure and extremely low oxygen content. No pores, trachoma, looseness, excellent electrical conductivity, suitable for electro-etching molds, after heat treatment, the electrodes have no directionality, suitable for fine and fine beating.
Reference parameters: Cu≥99.95%O<003 Conductivity≥57ms/m Hardness≥85.2HV